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Components

The deployment of Docker containers to the Amazon Elastic Container Service (ECS) involves several major components as follows:

  • Cluster – a logical grouping of container instances that you can place tasks on (see the next three), see Scheduling Amazon ECS Tasks

  • Task Definition – a description of an application that contains one or more container definitions, see Amazon ECS Task Definitions

  • Taskan instantiation of a task definition that is running on a container instance, see Amazon ECS Tasks 

  • Servicea scheduler that ensures that the specified number of tasks are constantly running and rescheduled on failure, and optionally registered against an Elastic Load Balancing load balancer, see Amazon ECS Services

Workflow

The typical deployment workflow comprises two optional and one mandatory phases:

(Optional) Create an ECS Cluster and ECS Container Instances

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An ECS cluster is the target environment to deploy Docker containers to. If you have explored ECS already, you might have a Default cluster available already in your AWS account. If you do not have one ore more clusters provisioned already, or if you want to isolate the additional containers in a separate cluster, you might need to create one first, which can be achieved in various ways, for example:

the Advanced Details list
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the User data field

(Optional) Build and push a Docker image to a Docker registry

Your are going to deploy a Docker container based on a Docker image. This image might exist already, or you might want to create it during the build. The latter can be achieved with the Docker task in Bamboo (available as of Bamboo 5.8), which allows you to:

Deploy a Docker image to ECS

This is the main and mandatory activity for using Amazon ECS. The three main options for deploying Docker containers to ECS are described in Scheduling Amazon ECS Tasks and available within Tasks for AWS accordingly:

Register a task definition

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All three of the following task scheduling options require an available Amazon ECS Task Definition, which can be registered with the Amazon ECS Task Definition task.

Schedule a service

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This is provided by the Create Service action of the Amazon ECS Service task.

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Ideally suited for long running stateless services and applications

The service scheduler is ideally suited for long running stateless services and applications. The service scheduler ensures that the specified number of tasks are constantly running and reschedules tasks when a task fails (for example, if the underlying container instance fails for some reason). The service scheduler optionally also makes sure that tasks are registered against an Elastic Load Balancing load balancer. You can update your services that are maintained by the service scheduler, such as deploying a new task definition, or changing the running number of desired tasks. For more information, see Services.

Run a task

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This is provided by the Run Task action of the Amazon ECS Task task.

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Ideally suited for batch jobs

The RunTask action is ideally suited for processes such as batch jobs that perform work and then stop. RunTask randomly distributes tasks across your cluster and tries to minimize the chances that a single instance on your cluster will get a disproportionate number of tasks. For example, you could have a process that calls RunTask when work comes into a queue. The task pulls work from the queue, performs the work such as a data transformation, and then exits. For more information, see Running Tasks 

Start a task

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This is provided by the Start Task action of the Amazon ECS Task task.

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Advanced option for leveraging custom schedulers

In addition to providing a set of default schedulers, Amazon ECS also allows you to write your own schedulers that meet the needs of your business, or leverage third party schedulers. The ECSSchedulerDriver is an open source proof of concept that shows you how can integrate Amazon ECS with third-party schedulers; in this case, with the open source Apache Mesos framework. To write your own scheduler, you can use the Amazon ECS List and Describe actions to get the state of your cluster and then use the StartTask action to place your tasks on the appropriate container instance based on your business and application requirements. The StartTask action is available in the AWS CLI, the AWS SDKs, or the Amazon ECS API. For more information, see StartTask in the Amazon Elastic Container Service API Reference 


Alternative workflow via CloudFormation

As an alternative to using the Amazon ECS tasks built into Tasks for AWS, it is also possible to provision most ECS components directly via the AWS CloudFormation Stack task and the corresponding CloudFormation resource types:

A typical workflow based on CloudFormation might look as follows:

  1. (optional) create/update the CloudFormation stack that provisions the ECS cluster and ECS container instances – see the Create Stack action of the AWS CloudFormation Stack task

    1. (lightbulb) You can use the Update stack, if it already exists option to reuse the same Bamboo job for both actions

  2. create/update the CloudFormation stack that provisions the ECS task definition and service – see the Create Stack action of the AWS CloudFormation Stack task

    1. (lightbulb) You can use the Update stack, if it already exists option to reuse the same Bamboo job for both actions

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

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